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  {
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   "source": [
    "# Arithmetic\n",
    "\n",
    "Arrays allow you to perform stack operations on data without having to use `for` loops. This is called *vectorisation* in NumPy. For all arithmetic operations between arrays of the same size, the operation is applied element by element:"
   ]
  },
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   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([[0.29244924, 0.32072447, 0.30934757],\n",
       "       [0.89174829, 0.84865903, 0.8219735 ],\n",
       "       [0.73972395, 0.139968  , 0.7551268 ],\n",
       "       [0.30778384, 0.16360734, 0.05536757],\n",
       "       [0.26396912, 0.08043216, 0.24179992],\n",
       "       [0.93238137, 0.02947168, 0.26255382],\n",
       "       [0.90513945, 0.50250317, 0.2176639 ]])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 1,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "rng = np.random.default_rng()\n",
    "data = rng.random((7, 3))\n",
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "id": "1d3fdcf6",
   "metadata": {
    "execution": {
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     "shell.execute_reply.started": "2026-05-17T15:08:12.774976Z"
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   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([[ 3.41939682,  3.11794111,  3.23260989],\n",
       "       [ 1.12139267,  1.17832953,  1.21658423],\n",
       "       [ 1.35185566,  7.14449008,  1.3242809 ],\n",
       "       [ 3.24903344,  6.11219537, 18.06111538],\n",
       "       [ 3.78832187, 12.43283799,  4.13565066],\n",
       "       [ 1.0725225 , 33.93087472,  3.80874296],\n",
       "       [ 1.10480214,  1.9900372 ,  4.59423914]])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "1 / data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "id": "3b409fac",
   "metadata": {
    "execution": {
     "iopub.execute_input": "2026-05-17T15:08:12.777983Z",
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     "shell.execute_reply.started": "2026-05-17T15:08:12.777977Z"
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   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([[8.55265575e-02, 1.02864183e-01, 9.56959163e-02],\n",
       "       [7.95215015e-01, 7.20222151e-01, 6.75640436e-01],\n",
       "       [5.47191516e-01, 1.95910415e-02, 5.70216487e-01],\n",
       "       [9.47308944e-02, 2.67673603e-02, 3.06556738e-03],\n",
       "       [6.96796977e-02, 6.46933218e-03, 5.84672015e-02],\n",
       "       [8.69335024e-01, 8.68580127e-04, 6.89345065e-02],\n",
       "       [8.19277417e-01, 2.52509435e-01, 4.73775726e-02]])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data**2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "8bb8388b",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Comparison of two arrays:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "id": "248171de",
   "metadata": {
    "execution": {
     "iopub.execute_input": "2026-05-17T15:08:12.780656Z",
     "iopub.status.busy": "2026-05-17T15:08:12.780563Z",
     "iopub.status.idle": "2026-05-17T15:08:12.782853Z",
     "shell.execute_reply": "2026-05-17T15:08:12.782643Z",
     "shell.execute_reply.started": "2026-05-17T15:08:12.780648Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([[False,  True, False],\n",
       "       [ True,  True,  True],\n",
       "       [ True, False,  True],\n",
       "       [ True, False, False],\n",
       "       [False, False, False],\n",
       "       [ True, False, False],\n",
       "       [ True, False, False]])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 4,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data2 = rng.random((7, 3))\n",
    "data > data2"
   ]
  }
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