{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "adjustable-sphere",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Create, update and delete files and directories"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "continental-feelings",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Creates a new directory `test` and then checks this with `ls`:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "id": "powered-lesbian",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "!mkdir tests"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "id": "bigger-check",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "create-delete.ipynb           grep-find.ipynb.license\n",
      "create-delete.ipynb.license   index.rst\n",
      "dvc.list                      pipes-filters.ipynb\n",
      "dvc.list.1                    pipes-filters.ipynb.license\n",
      "file-system.ipynb             shell-variables.ipynb\n",
      "file-system.ipynb.license     shell-variables.ipynb.license\n",
      "grep-find.ipynb               \u001b[34mtests\u001b[m\u001b[m\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "!ls"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "baking-nebraska",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Then we create the file `test_file.txt` in this directory."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "id": "white-render",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "!touch tests/test_file.txt"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "id": "leading-malpractice",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "test_file.txt\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "!ls tests"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "intelligent-richardson",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Now we change the suffix of the file:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "id": "mature-country",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "!mv tests/test_file.txt tests/test_file.py"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "id": "joined-notebook",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "test_file.py\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "!ls tests"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "conscious-peace",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Now we make a copy of this file:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "id": "figured-value",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "!cp tests/test_file.py tests/test_file2.py"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "id": "lined-moldova",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "test_file.py  test_file2.py\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "!ls tests"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "announced-patch",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "A directory with all the files it contains is also possible recursively with the `-r` option:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "id": "persistent-funds",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "!cp -r tests tests.bak"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "id": "subject-samuel",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "test_file.py  test_file2.py\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "!ls tests.bak"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "eight-rainbow",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Finally, we delete the directories `tests` and `tests.bak` again:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "id": "broke-mouth",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "!rm -r tests tests.bak"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "id": "fatty-spelling",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "create-delete.ipynb           grep-find.ipynb.license\n",
      "create-delete.ipynb.license   index.rst\n",
      "dvc.list                      pipes-filters.ipynb\n",
      "dvc.list.1                    pipes-filters.ipynb.license\n",
      "file-system.ipynb             shell-variables.ipynb\n",
      "file-system.ipynb.license     shell-variables.ipynb.license\n",
      "grep-find.ipynb\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "!ls"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "peripheral-timer",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Transferring files"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "brazilian-floating",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### `wget`"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "id": "thousand-glenn",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "--2024-10-28 17:22:50--  https://dvc.org/deb/dvc.list\n",
      "Auflösen des Hostnamens dvc.org (dvc.org)… 2606:4700:3036::6815:51cd, 172.67.164.76, 104.21.81.205, ...\n",
      "Verbindungsaufbau zu dvc.org (dvc.org)|2606:4700:3036::6815:51cd|:443 … verbunden.\n",
      "HTTP-Anforderung gesendet, auf Antwort wird gewartet … 303 See Other\n",
      "Platz: https://s3-us-east-2.amazonaws.com/dvc-s3-repo/deb/dvc.list [folgend]\n",
      "--2024-10-28 17:22:51--  https://s3-us-east-2.amazonaws.com/dvc-s3-repo/deb/dvc.list\n",
      "Auflösen des Hostnamens s3-us-east-2.amazonaws.com (s3-us-east-2.amazonaws.com)… 3.5.130.80, 52.219.92.209, 52.219.106.105, ...\n",
      "Verbindungsaufbau zu s3-us-east-2.amazonaws.com (s3-us-east-2.amazonaws.com)|3.5.130.80|:443 … verbunden.\n",
      "HTTP-Anforderung gesendet, auf Antwort wird gewartet … 200 OK\n",
      "Länge: 51 [binary/octet-stream]\n",
      "Wird in »dvc.list« gespeichert.\n",
      "\n",
      "dvc.list            100%[===================>]      51  --.-KB/s    in 0s      \n",
      "\n",
      "2024-10-28 17:22:51 (1,52 MB/s) - »dvc.list« gespeichert [51/51]\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "!wget https://dvc.org/deb/dvc.list"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "subjective-bandwidth",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "* `-r` recursively crawls other files and directories\n",
    "* `-np` avoids crawling to parent directories\n",
    "* `-D` targets only the following domain name\n",
    "* `-nH` avoids creating a subdirectory for the websites content\n",
    "* `-m` mirrors with time stamping, time stamping, infinite recursion depth, and preservation of FTP directory settings\n",
    "* `-q` suppresses the output to the screen"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "pursuant-stephen",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### `cURL`\n",
    "\n",
    "Alternatively, you can use cURL, which supports a much larger range of protocols."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "id": "royal-wilderness",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current\n",
      "                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed\n",
      "100    85  100    85    0     0     79      0  0:00:01  0:00:01 --:--:--    79\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "!curl -o dvc.list https://dvc.org/deb/dvc.list"
   ]
  }
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